02484nas a2200181   4500008004600000020001600046245011500062210006900177300001600246490000800262520187600270100003002146700001702176700001702193700002402210700001802234856005002252       Submitted                   eng d       a{1055-7903}00aThe Muscoidea (Diptera: Calyptratae) are paraphyletic: Evidence from four mitochondrial and four nuclear genes0 aMuscoidea Diptera Calyptratae are paraphyletic Evidence from fou  a{639 - 652}0 v{493 a{Approximately 5\% of the known species-level diversity of Diptera belongs to the Muscoidea with its approximately 7000 described species. Despite including some of the most abundant and well known flies, the phylogenetic relationships within this superfamily are poorly understood. Previous attempts at reconstructing the relationships based on morphology and relatively small molecular data sets were only moderately successful. Here, we use molecular data for 127 exemplar species of the Muscoidea, two species from the Hippoboscoidea, ten species representing the Oestroidea and seven outgroup species from four acalyptrate superfamilies. Four mitochondrial genes 12S, 16S, COI, and Cytb, and four nuclear genes 18S, 28S, Ef1a, and CAD are used to reconstruct the relationships within the Muscoidea. The length-variable genes were aligned using a guide tree that was based on the protein-encoding genes and the indel-free sections of the ribosomal genes. We found that, based on topological considerations, this guide tree was a significant improvement over the default guide trees generated by ClustalX. The data matrix was analyzed using maximum parsimony (MP) and maximum likelihood (ML) and yielded very similar tree topologies. The Calyptratae are monophyletic and the Hippoboscoidea are the sister group to the remaining calyptrates (MP). The Muscoidea are paraphyletic with a monophyletic Oestroidea nested within the Muscoridea as sister group to Anthomyiidae + Scathophagidae. The monophyly of three of the four recognized families in the Muscoidea is confirmed: the Fanniidae, Muscidae, and Scathophagidae. However, the Anthomyiidae are possibly paraphyletic. Within the Oestroidea, the Sarcophagidae and Tachinidae are sister groups and the Calliphoridae are paraphyletic. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.}}, DOI = {{10.1016/j.ympev.2008.08.012}1 aKutty, Sujatha, Narayanan1 aPape, Thomas1 aPont, Adrian1 aWiegmann, Brian, M.1 aMeier, Rudolf  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/33901837nas a2200145   4500008004600000020001600046245012900062210006900191300001600260490000900276520131700285100002201602700001701624856005001641       Submitted                   eng d       a{0044-5231}00aMorphological diversity of first instar larvae in Miltogramma subgenus Pediasiomyia (Diptera: Sarcophagidae, Miltogramminae)0 aMorphological diversity of first instar larvae in Miltogramma su  a{259 - 273}0 v{2473 a{The morphology of first instar larvae of three species of Miltogramma Meigen subgenus Pediasiomyia Rohdendorf is described using SEM and light microscope techniques. Miltogramma chrysochlamys (Rohdendorf), Miltogramma margiana (Rohdendorf) and Miltogramma przhevalskyi (Rohdendorf) share with other satellite flies the presence or ail elongated sensillum basiconicum of the maxillary palpus and numerous longitudinal cuticular ridges on the integument of all segments; and they share with other Miltogramma spp. a maxillary palpus situated on a more or less raised base. While the first instar M. margiana is very similar to first instars of Miltogramma (sensu stricto), first instars of M. chrysochlamys and M. prezhevalskyi share several features unique among Miltogramminae: antennal dome situated oil a flat or indistinct basal ring, antennal dome flattened, border between pseudocephalon and first thoracic segment with a pair of fleshy processes, and basal ring with trichold sensillum.. First instars of M. chrysochlamys and M. przhevalskyi are unique in having both sb1 and sb2 or the sensilla basiconica of the maxillary palpus elongated, and M. przhevalskyi has all unpaired, median proleg oil most abdominal segments. (C) 2008 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.}}, DOI = {{10.1016/j.jcz.2008.03.001}1 aSzpila, Krzysztof1 aPape, Thomas  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/31500830nas a2200121   4500008004600000020001600046245010900062210006900171300001400240520038700254100001700641856005000658       Submitted                   eng d       a{1175-5326}00aNominal species of Australasian/Oceanian Sarcophagidae proposed by P. J. M. Macquart (Insecta : Diptera)0 aNominal species of AustralasianOceanian Sarcophagidae proposed b  a{41 - 51}3 a{The six nominal species of Australasian/Oceanian Sarcophagidae proposed by Pierre Justin Marie Macquart are revised. Five nominal species enter into new synonymy, one remains unplaced. Lectotypes are designated for Sarcophaga assimilis Macquart, 1851 and Sarcophaga aurifrons Macquart, 1851. Sarcophaga sigma Johnston \& Tiegs, 1921 is resurrected from synonymy with S. aurifrons.}1 aPape, Thomas  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/31900975nas a2200145   4500008004600000020001600046245008900062210006900151300001600220490000800236520049600244100002200740700001700762856005000779       Submitted                   eng d       a{0022-2585}00aMorphology of the first instar of the house fly Musca domestica (Diptera : Muscidae)0 aMorphology of the first instar of the house fly Musca domestica   a{594 - 599}0 v{453 a{Scanning electron microscopy documentation of the first instar of Musca domestica L. is presented for the first time. The following morphological structures are documented: antenna, maxillary palpus, facial mask, spinulation, posterior spiracles, anal pad, and integumental micropores. Morphology of the first-instar larva of M. domestica is discussed in light of existing knowledge about early larval instars of Calyptrata flies.}}, DOI = {{10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45{[}594:MOTFIO]2.0.CO;2}1 aSzpila, Krzysztof1 aPape, Thomas  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/32901355nas a2200157   4500008004600000020001600046245021700062210006900279300001400348520070700362100002101069700001701090700001701107700002301124856005001147       Submitted                   eng d       a{1175-5326}00aRedescription of Sarcophaga (Discachaeta) bezziana Bottcher and Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) infixa Bottcher, and description of a new Heteronychia Brauer \& Bergenstamm from southern France (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)0 aRedescription of Sarcophaga Discachaeta bezziana Bottcher and Sa  a{27 - 40}3 a{Sarcophaga bezziana Bottcher, 1913 and S. infixa Bottcher, 1913 are redescribed and their male terminalia are illustrated with SEM images; their subgeneric affiliation and affinities with related species are discussed. A lectotype is designated for Sarcophaga bezziana Bottcher. This species is compared to the closely related S. amita Rondani, 1860 and transferred from subgenus Heteronychia Brauer \& Bergenstamm, 1889 to subgenus Discachaeta Enderlein, 1928, comb. nov. Sarcophaga infixa Bottcher sp. rev. is removed from synonymy with S. haemorrhoides Bottcher, 1913. A new species, Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) gallica sp. nov., closely related to S. (H.) infixa, is described from southern France.}1 aWhitmore, Daniel1 aRichet, Rene1 aPape, Thomas1 aBlackith, Ruth, M.  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/19403096nas a2200169   4500008004600000020001600046245016900062210006900231300001600300490000800316520246300324100003002787700001702817700002402834700001802858856005002876       Submitted                   eng d       a{0307-6970}00aMolecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae (Diptera: Cyclorrhapha) with an emphasis on the superfamily Oestroidea and the position of Mystacinobiidae and McAlpine's fly0 aMolecular phylogeny of the Calyptratae Diptera Cyclorrhapha with  a{614 - 635}0 v{353 a{The dipteran clade Calyptratae is comprised of approximately 18 000 described species (12\% of the known dipteran diversity) and includes well-known taxa such as houseflies, tsetse flies, blowflies and botflies, which have a close association with humans. However, the phylogenetic relationships within this insect radiation are very poorly understood and controversial. Here we propose a higher-level phylogenetic hypothesis for the Calyptratae based on an extensive DNA sequence dataset for 11 noncalyptrate outgroups and 247 calyptrate species representing all commonly accepted families in the Oestroidea and Hippoboscoidea, as well as those of the muscoid grade. DNA sequences for genes in the mitochondrial (12S, 16S, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I and cytochrome b) and nuclear genome {[}18S, 28S, the carbamoyl phosphate synthetase region of CAD (rudimentary), Elongation factor one alpha] were used to reconstruct the relationships. We discuss problems relating to the alignment and analysis of large datasets and emphasize the advantages of utilizing a guide tree-based approach for the alignment of the DNA sequences and using the leaf stability index to identify `wildcard' taxa whose excessive instability obscures the phylogenetic signal. Our analyses support the monophyly of the Calyptratae and demonstrate that the superfamily Oestroidea is nested within the muscoid grade. We confirm that the monotypic family Mystacinobiidae is an oestroid and further revise the composition of the Oestroidea by demonstrating that the previously unplaced and still undescribed `McAlpine's fly' is nested within this superfamily as a probable sister group to Mystacinobiidae. Within the Oestroidea we confirm with molecular data that the Calliphoridae are a paraphyletic grade of lineages. The families Sarcophagidae and Rhiniidae are monophyletic, but support for the monophyly of Tachinidae and Rhinophoridae depends on analytical technique (e.g. parsimony or maximum likelihood). The superfamilies Hippoboscoidea and Oestroidea are consistently found to be monophyletic, and the paraphyly of the muscoid grade is confirmed. In the overall relationships for the calyptrates, the Hippoboscoidea are sister group to the remaining Calyptratae, and the Fanniidae are sister group to the nonhippoboscoid calyptrates, whose relationships can be summarized as (Muscidae (Oestroidea (Scathophagidae, Anthomyiidae))).}}, DOI = {{10.1111/j.1365-3113.2010.00536.x}1 aKutty, Sujatha, Narayanan1 aPape, Thomas1 aWiegmann, Brian, M.1 aMeier, Rudolf  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/11200545nas a2200145   4500008004600000020001600046245012200062210006900184300001400253100002300267700002200290700001700312700002100329856004900350       Submitted                   eng d       a{1175-5326}00aNomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part I: Andre-Jean-Baptiste Robineau-Desvoidy0 aNomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera GenusGroup   a{1 - 265}1 aEvenhuis, Neal, L.1 aO'Hara, James, E.1 aPape, Thomas1 aPont, Adrian, C.  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/8001913nas a2200157   4500008004600000020001600046245016000062210006900222300001600291490000900307520132700316100002301643700001701666700002301683856004901706       Submitted                   eng d       a{0024-4082}00aTowards a phylogeny of the flesh flies (Diptera: Sarcophagidae): morphology and phylogenetic implications of the acrophallus in the subfamily Sarcophaginae0 aTowards a phylogeny of the flesh flies Diptera Sarcophagidae mor  a{740 - 778}0 v{1583 a{The morphology of the acrophallus, the distal portion of the male phallus carrying the phallotreme, was studied in 72 exemplar species representing 56 genera and subgenera of the flesh fly subfamily Sarcophaginae. For 42 of those species, scanning electron microscopy was used to clarify the phallic morphology. Terms used to describe the male genitalia were updated based on new interpretations of homology. Male genitalic characters, combined with other morphological characters of adult males and females and of larvae, were used to construct a phylogeny. The monophyly of the subfamily was supported, and some generic-level sister-group relationships proposed in the literature, but without previous cladistic analyses, were also supported. The genus Blaesoxipha Loew, as currently recognized, was not monophyletic in our analysis. The genus Helicobia Coquillett is synonymized with Sarcophaga Meigen syn. nov. and treated as a subgenus of the latter. The Sarcophaga subgenera Neobellieria Blanchard and Mehria Enderlein were not monophyletic. Many of the clades in the analysis were supported primarily or exclusively by male genitalic character states, highlighting the importance of the male genitalia as a source of morphological characters for sarcophagine phylogeny.}}, DOI = {{10.1111/j.1096-3642.2009.00561.x}1 aGiroux, Marjolaine1 aPape, Thomas1 aWheeler, Terry, A.  uhttps://sarcophagidae.myspecies.info/node/87