@inbook {2585,
	title = {Insects associated with pitcher plant Sarracenia purpurea L},
	booktitle = {The insects, spiders and mites of Cape Breton Highlands National Park},
	series = {Report No. 1, 302 pp},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Blaesoxipha fletcheri17-05-200406-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {267},
	publisher = {Biosystematics Research Centre},
	organization = {Biosystematics Research Centre},
	author = {Borkent, A.},
	editor = {Lafontaine, J.D. and Allyson, S. and Behan-Pelletier, V.M. and Borkent, J.M. and Campbell, K.G.A. and Hamilton, J.E.H. and Masner, L.}
}
@inbook {2561,
	title = {Order Diptera},
	booktitle = {The insects, spiders and mites of Cape Breton Highlands National Park},
	series = {Biosystematics Research Centre, Report No. 1, 302 pp.},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Sarcs on p. 190: 16 species in the park, of which the author mentions Sarcophaga aldrichi, Agria housei, Blaesoxipha fletcheri, Boettcheria cimbicis, Helicobia rapax, Brachicoma setosa, Metopia argyrocephala, M. campestris, Amobia aurifrons. "Page 190: Most species of flesh flies look much alike; grey with three black longitudinal stripes on the thorax. All species are larviparous. Eggs passing from the ovaries are fertilized and stored in a bilobed pouch of the common oviduct which functions as a uterus. Larvae develop and hatch in the uterus, where they wait immobile until the female expels them onto some form of carrion or suitable host. Most species develop in carrion, some apparently showing a preference for dead snails, insects, millipedes or other invertebrates. A few species are parasitoids, developing in living insects, they are not true parasites, except perhaps when young, but apparently treat their hosts as carrion and destroy them quickly. One of the best known flesh fly parasitoids is Sarcophaga aldrichi Parker, a large species that attacks tent caterpillars, spruce budworm larvae and other caterpillars. During peak outbreak years adults of aldrichi may become so abundant in early summer that their persistent crawling over exposed skin in search of sweat becomes intolerable. A widespread belief that these flies are bred and released by some government agency is unfounded. Their abundance is one for the best known examples of an effective natural biological control agent in Canada. Another important sarcophagid in the Park is Agria housei Shewell, another parasitoid of spruce budworm, and probably other caterpillars as well. An entire sUbgroup of sarcophagids, the subfamily Miltogramminae, has specialized in using as food the prey of wasps that provision their nests with insects and spiders. Adult female flies doggedly pursue wasps that have captured prey; when the wasp{\textquoteright}s attention is distracted momentarily while provisioning her nest, the fly larviposits on the prey. The young maggot of the miltogrammine destroys the wasp{\textquoteright}s egg and then proceeds to devour the prey. From the point of view of developing sarphagid larvae, adapted as a group to a diet of carrion, there may be little difference nutritionally between a dead insect, one paralyzed by a wasp but still alive, and a living insect. At least 16 species of sarcophagids were collected in the Park, including the two above-mentioned parasitoids of spruce budworm. One of the most interesting was Blaesoxipha fletcheri Aldrich, whose larvae are scavengers in the leaves of pitcherplants. Presumably they feed on the dead insects trapped therein. Adults were taken in several of the bogs, and presumably are found throughout the Park, wherever pitcherplants grow. The larvae of Boettcheria cimbicis (Townsend) are parasitoids of the larvae of giant sawflies of the genus Cimbex, while those of Helicobia capax (Walker) are scavengers in insect and other invertebrate carrion. Larvae of Brachycoma setosa Coquillett have been found in nests of bumble bees, where they are presumably scavengers, although it is quite possible that they destroy the developing bee larvae as well. Only three species of Miltoqt{\textquoteright}ammini were collected, Metopla argyrocephala (Meigen), M. campcstris (Fallen), and Amobia aurifrons (Townsend)"27-08-200406-02-2012NormalAuthor given as: "by D.M. Wood, with assistance from B.M. Bissett, A. Borkent, B.E. Cooper, M.E. Dillon, J.F. McAlpine, D.R. Oliver, H.J. Teskey and J.R. Vockeroth"},
	pages = {129 - 194},
	publisher = {Biosystematics Research Centre},
	organization = {Biosystematics Research Centre},
	address = {Ottawa},
	author = {Wood, D. M.},
	editor = {Lafontaine, J. D. and Allyson, S. and Behan-Pelletier, V. M. and Borkent, J. M. and Campbell, K. G. A. and Hamilton, J. E. H. and Masner, L.}
}
