@article {766,
	title = {Isolation and characterization of a C-type lectin cDNA specifically expressed in the tip of mouthparts of the flesh fly Sarcophaga peregrina},
	volume = {13},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {08-10-200906-02-2012NormalPhysiology and Genetic Regulation Department, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. mamiy3@nias.affrc.go.jpenghttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve\&db=pubmed\&dopt=Abstract\&list_uids=15056360},
	pages = {133 - 140},
	abstract = {We have isolated a novel gene, CLEM 36, of the flesh fly Sarcophaga peregrina, which shows significant homology to the C-type lectin family. CLEM 36 mRNA was transcribed excessively from the second day after eclosion only in the tip of mouthparts. Whole mount in situ hybridization showed that CLEM 36 mRNA was expressed in the C-type lectin-producing tissue (CLPT) located at the entrance of the food canal and between the labellum and haustellum. Immunoblot analysis showed that the mature form of CLEM 36 protein was synthesized in the CLPT, then secreted into saliva. Our results indicate that CLEM 36 protein may play an important role in biological defence against pathogens during the food intake of this insect.},
	keywords = {*Gene Expression Profiling, Amino Acid Sequence, Animals, Base Sequence, Diptera/*genetics/immunology, DNA, Complementary/genetics, Immunoblotting, In Situ Hybridization, Lectins, C-Type/*genetics/isolation \&amp, Molecular Sequence Data, Mouth/*metabolism, purification, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Saliva/chemistry, Sequence Alignment, Sequence Analysis, DNA},
	author = {Yamamoto-Kihara, M. and Kotani, E.}
}
@article {464,
	title = {Pilot study on synanthropic flies (e.g. Musca, Sarcophaga, Calliphora, Fannia, Lucilia, Stomoxys) as vectors of pathogenic microorganisms},
	volume = {101},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {08-10-200906-02-2012NormalInstitute of Zoomorphology, Cell Biology and Parasitology, Heinrich-Heine University, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany.enghttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve\&db=pubmed\&dopt=Abstract\&list_uids=17370089},
	pages = {243 - 246},
	abstract = {In the present study, different fly species were associated with foodborne and other pathogens. Wild synanthropic flies belonging to 12 species of 12 genera were caught for the isolation and identification of microorganisms, which might have been possibly transmitted by these flies. Trapping of flies was done at different domestic animal related places (dog pound, poultry house, cattle barn, horse stable, pigpen). All 56 individual flies were shown to be carriers of multiple species of microorganisms. Furthermore, the capacity for the flies to act as vectors was demonstrated by successful transfer of the microorganisms from live flies to blood agar plates. Potentially pathogenic and several non-pathogenic microorganisms were found. Among them, a series of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains (EAEC, EPEC, ETEC) was identified. This is the first study to clearly demonstrate the potential of these flies as vectors for the transmission of pathogenic microorganisms.},
	keywords = {Animals, Bacteria/*isolation \&amp, Diptera/*parasitology, Fungi/*isolation \&amp, Insect Vectors/*parasitology, Pilot Projects, purification},
	author = {Forster, M. and Klimpel, S. and Mehlhorn, H. and Sievert, K. and Messler, S. and Pfeffer, K.}
}
