@article {1484,
	title = {Three case studies in forensic entomology from southern Italy},
	volume = {43},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Sarcophaga carnaria [probably misidentified], Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis [probably S. africa]. Three cases of forensic interest regarding the estimation of postmortem interval (PMI) by entomological data are presented. The three cases concerning criminal investigations were performed in Southern Italy by the Entomological Laboratory of the Institute of Forensic Medicine at the University of Bari. For each case the authors present a detailed description of the remains as observed at the crime scene and a description of the arthropods collected from the remains. The PMI estimation was based on comparison of data from autopsy reports (rate of decay), local environmental conditions (temperature, humidity, rainfall) and development times for the immature stages of each species of local arthropod and succession patterns. The collection of insects was performed at the discovery site and during autopsy procedures. In the first case a PMI of 5 to 8 days was established based on the presence of adult specimens of Saprinus aeneus (family Histeridae), and mature larvae of Chrysomya albiceps and Sarcophaga carnaria (3rd instar). In the second case, on the charred remains of a corpse, larvae of Sarcophaga haemorrhoidalis (3rd instar) and Protophormia terraenovae (2nd instar) were observed in different developmental stages, as indicated, giving a PMI of 3 to 4 days based on entomological data. In the third case a PMI of 36 to 48 hours was defined from the evidence of Calliphora vicina 2nd instar on the two burnt bodies. In all cases the entomological evidence alone led to conclusions on PMI31-07-200206-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {210 - 214},
	author = {Introna, F. J. and Campobasso, C. P. and Di Fazio, A.}
}
@article {183,
	title = {DNA degradation and genetic analysis of empty puparia: Genetic identificationlimits in forensic entomology
},
	volume = {195},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Puparial cases are common remnants of necrophagous flies in crime investigations. They usually represent the longest developmental time and, therefore, they can be very useful for the estimation of the post-mortem interval (PMI). However, before any PMI estimate, it is crucial to identify the species of fly eclosed from each puparium associated with the corpse. Morphological characteristics of the puparium are often distinctive enough to permit a species identification. But, even an accurate morphological analysis of empty puparia cannot discriminate among different species of closely related flies. Furthermore, morphological identification may be impossible if the fly puparia are poorly preserved or in fragments. This study explores the applicability of biomolecular techniques on empty puparia and their fragments for identification purposes. A total of 63 empty puparia of necrophagous Diptera resulting from forensic casework were examined. Samples were divided into three groupsaccording to size, type and time of eclosion in order to verify whether the physical characteristics and puparia weathering can influence the amount of DNA extraction. The results suggest that a reliable genetic identification of forensically important flies may also be performed from empty puparia and/or their fragments. However, DNA degradation can deeply compromise the genetic analysis since the older the fly puparia, the smaller are the amplified fragments. [Sarcophaga crassipalpis, S. argyrostoma]
22-02-201006-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {99 - 102},
	author = {Mazzanti, M. and Alessandrini, F. and Tagliabracci, A. and Wells, J. D. and Campobasso, C. P.}
}
@inbook {176,
	title = {Indoor arthropods of forensic importance: Insects associated with indoor decomposition and mites as indoor markers},
	booktitle = {Current Concepts in Forensic Entomology},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {06-05-201006-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {93 - 108},
	publisher = {Springer Verlag},
	organization = {Springer Verlag},
	address = {Dordrecht, Heidelberg, London, New York},
	author = {Frost, C. L. and Braig, H. R. and Amendt, J. and Perotti, M. A.},
	editor = {Amendt, J. and Campobasso, C. P. and Goff, M. L. and Grassberger, M.}
}
