@article {498,
	title = {Forensic entomology cases in Thailand: a review of cases from 2000 to 2006},
	volume = {101},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {This paper presents and discusses 30 cases of cadavers that had been transferred for forensic entomology investigations to the Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, northern Thailand, from 2000 to 2006. Variable death scenes were determined, including forested area and suburban and urban outdoor and indoor environments. The fly specimens found in the corpses obtained were the most commonly of the blow fly of family Calliphoridae, and consisted of Chrysomya megacephala (F.), Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) Chrysomya villeneuvi Patton, Chrysomya nigripes Aubertin, Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve, Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann), Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann), and two unknown species. Flies of the family Muscidae [Hydrotaea spinigera Stein, Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp)], Piophilidae [Piophila casei (L.)], Phoridae [Megaselia scalaris (Loew)], Sarcophagidae [Parasarcophaga ruficornis (F.) and three unknown species], and Stratiomyiidae (Sargus sp.) were also collected from these human remains. Larvae and adults of the beetle, Dermestes maculatus DeGeer (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), were also found in some cases. Chrysomya megacephala and C. rufifacies were the most common species found in the ecologically varied death scene habitats associated with both urban and forested areas, while C. nigripes was commonly discovered in forested places. S. nudiseta was collected only from corpses found in an indoor death scene. All authors are: Sukontason, K. L.; Narongchai, P.; Kanchai, C.; Vichairat, K.; Sribanditmongkol, P.; Bhoopat, T.; Kurahashi, H.; Chockjamsai, M.; Piangjai, S.; Bunchu, N.; Vongvivach, S.; Samai, W.; Chaiwong, T.; Methanitikorn, R.; Ngern-Klun, R.; Sripakdee, D.; Boonsriwong, W.; Siriwattanarungsee, S.; Srimuangwong, C.; Hanterdsith, B.; Chaiwan, K,; Srisuwan, C.; Upakut, S.; Moopayak, K.; Vogtsberger, R. C.; Olson, J. K.; Sukontason, K. L.05-10-200706-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {1417 - 1423},
	author = {Sukontason, K. L. and Narongchai, P. and Kanchai, C. and Vichairat, K. and Sribanditmongkol, P. and Bhoopat, T. and Kurahashi, H. and Chockjamsai, M. and Piangjai, S. and Bunchu, N. and Vongvivach, S. and Samai, W. and Chaiwong, T. and Methanitikorn, R. and Ngern-Klun, R. and et alia}
}
@article {379,
	title = {Morphology of immature stages of Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann) (Diptera : Calliphoridae) for use in forensic entomology applications},
	volume = {103},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {In forensic investigations, all immature stages of flies (egg, larvae, and puparium) can serve as entomological evidence at death scenes. These insects are primarily used to estimate the post mortem interval (PMI), but can also be involved in the analysis of toxic substances, determining manner of death, and in indicating relocation of a corpse in homicide cases. In this study, we present the morphology of the egg, larvae, and puparium of Hemipyrellia ligurriens, a blow fly species of forensic importance in Thailand. Examination was conducted using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The egg stage was found to display a relatively wide plastron region (or median hatch line area) that spans almost the entire length of the egg. The median hatch line is oriented in an upright position. External chorionic sculpture of the egg is present in a hexagonal pattern whose reticular boundaries are slightly elevated. In the larval stages, the most prominent morphological changes were detected upon comparison of the first to the second instar; whereas, the differences between second and third instar larvae were less obvious outside of the increase in number of posterior spiracular slits. Most of the major differences involve body size and structure of the anterior and posterior spiracles. Each anterior spiracle in both the second and third instars projects five to seven papillae apically. Each posterior spiracular disc of a third instar exhibits a complete peritreme, three spiracular slits, and a prominent button that is ventromedially located. The puparium is coarctate and features a clustered bubble membrane comprised of approximate to 57 mammillate structures positioned dorsolaterally on each side of the first abdominal segment in young puparia. This feature is replaced by short, tubular respiratory horns in aged puparia. This study provides more detailed exposure of important morphological features that can be used for accurate identification of immature stages of H. ligurriens. Information presented can aid in forensic investigations involving this fly species02-10-200906-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {877 - 887},
	author = {Sukontason, K. L. and Sribanditmongkol, P. and Chaiwong, T. and Vogtsberger, R. C. and Piangjai, S. and Sukontason, K.}
}
