@article {607,
	title = {Surface ultrastructure of the puparia of the blow fly, Lucilia cuprina (Diptera: Calliphoridae), and flesh fly, Liosarcophaga dux (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)},
	volume = {98},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Surface ultrastructure of the puparia of the blow fly, Lucilia cuprina, and flesh fly, Liosarcophaga dux, are presented utilizing scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Emphasis was focused on characteristic features of the puparia that could be used for differentiation from other forensically important fly species. The puparium of L. cuprina typically measures 6.2[plus or minus]0.2 mm in length and 2.3[plus or minus]0.1 mm in width. Each anterior spiracle contains a single row of 5-7 papillae. The intersegmental spines between the prothorax and mesothorax are triangular with constricted tips. A clustered bubble membrane, comprising about 30 mammillate structures, is positioned dorsolaterally on each side of the first abdominal segment in young puparia but is replaced by short, tubular respiratory horns in aged puparia. The posterior end of the puparium is broadly truncate and bears a pair of medially positioned posterior spiracles that each contains three straight spiracular slits. The puparium of L. dux is larger in comparison to L. cuprina and typically measures 9.9[plus or minus]0.3 mm in length and 3.8[plus or minus]0.2 mm in width. An anterior spiracle of this species contains 14-17 papillae. The intersegmental spines between the prothorax and mesothorax are broad and triangular. A convoluted structure of unknown function was observed at the dorsolateral edge of segments 5-11. In L. dux, the caudal segment of the puparium is slightly tapered and abruptly truncated and contains a pair of posterior spiracles that are located within a deep concavity in the terminal end. Each posterior spiracular disc appears D-shaped, with a pronounced medial projection and three vertically oriented long, narrow spiracular slits. The anatomical features presented herein may be useful for identification of fly puparia of these two species in future forensic entomological investigations10-08-200606-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {482 - 487},
	author = {Sukontason, K. L. and Piangjai, S. and Bunchu, N. and Chaiwong, T. and Sripakdee, D. and Boonsriwong, W. and Vogtsberger, R. C. and Sukontason, K.}
}
@article {608,
	title = {Ultrastructure of adhesive device in fly in families Calliphoridae, Muscidae and Sarcophagidae, and their implication as mechanical carriers of pathogens},
	volume = {98},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {The ultrastructure of adhesive device or the pulvilli, pad-like structure between the tarsal claws of the legs, is presented in the blowfly (Calliphoridae), housefly and relatives (Muscidae), and flesh fly (Sarcophagidae) through scanning electron microscopy. The blowfly species were Chrysomya chani, Chrysomya nigripes, Chrysomya pinguis, and Chrysomya villeneuvi; while those of the housefly and relatives were Musca domestica and Hydrotaea chalcogaster, respectively. Flesh fly species included Boettcherisca peregrina and Liosarcophaga dux. Numerous tenent setae were observed on the ventral side of the pulvilli. Two features of the tip of the tenent setae were found as a spatula-like (in C. chani, C. pinguis, C. nigripes, M. domestica, H. chalcogaster, B. peregrina, and L. dux) and spoon-like tip (in C. villeneuvi). Transmission electron microscopy of the tenent setae in M. domestica revealed the electron-lucent centrally located, suggesting an adhesive substance. These results provided anatomical information that allow us to not only understand the successful attachment of flies to smooth surfaces but also clarify their role as a mechanical carrier of microorganisms10-08-200606-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {477 - 481},
	author = {Sukontason, K. L. and Bunchu, N. and Methanitikorn, R. and Chaiwong, T. and Kuntalue, B. and Sukontason, K.}
}
@article {498,
	title = {Forensic entomology cases in Thailand: a review of cases from 2000 to 2006},
	volume = {101},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {This paper presents and discusses 30 cases of cadavers that had been transferred for forensic entomology investigations to the Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, northern Thailand, from 2000 to 2006. Variable death scenes were determined, including forested area and suburban and urban outdoor and indoor environments. The fly specimens found in the corpses obtained were the most commonly of the blow fly of family Calliphoridae, and consisted of Chrysomya megacephala (F.), Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart) Chrysomya villeneuvi Patton, Chrysomya nigripes Aubertin, Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve, Chrysomya chani Kurahashi, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann), Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann), and two unknown species. Flies of the family Muscidae [Hydrotaea spinigera Stein, Synthesiomyia nudiseta (Wulp)], Piophilidae [Piophila casei (L.)], Phoridae [Megaselia scalaris (Loew)], Sarcophagidae [Parasarcophaga ruficornis (F.) and three unknown species], and Stratiomyiidae (Sargus sp.) were also collected from these human remains. Larvae and adults of the beetle, Dermestes maculatus DeGeer (Coleoptera: Dermestidae), were also found in some cases. Chrysomya megacephala and C. rufifacies were the most common species found in the ecologically varied death scene habitats associated with both urban and forested areas, while C. nigripes was commonly discovered in forested places. S. nudiseta was collected only from corpses found in an indoor death scene. All authors are: Sukontason, K. L.; Narongchai, P.; Kanchai, C.; Vichairat, K.; Sribanditmongkol, P.; Bhoopat, T.; Kurahashi, H.; Chockjamsai, M.; Piangjai, S.; Bunchu, N.; Vongvivach, S.; Samai, W.; Chaiwong, T.; Methanitikorn, R.; Ngern-Klun, R.; Sripakdee, D.; Boonsriwong, W.; Siriwattanarungsee, S.; Srimuangwong, C.; Hanterdsith, B.; Chaiwan, K,; Srisuwan, C.; Upakut, S.; Moopayak, K.; Vogtsberger, R. C.; Olson, J. K.; Sukontason, K. L.05-10-200706-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {1417 - 1423},
	author = {Sukontason, K. L. and Narongchai, P. and Kanchai, C. and Vichairat, K. and Sribanditmongkol, P. and Bhoopat, T. and Kurahashi, H. and Chockjamsai, M. and Piangjai, S. and Bunchu, N. and Vongvivach, S. and Samai, W. and Chaiwong, T. and Methanitikorn, R. and Ngern-Klun, R. and et alia}
}
@article {161,
	title = {Forensically important flesh fly species in Thailand: morphology and developmental rate},
	volume = {106},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Forensically important flesh fly species in Thailand have been investigated for their larval morphology and developmental rate to increase the forensic entomology database in Thailand and nearby countries. Sarcophaga (Liosarcophaga) dux Thomson, Sarcophaga (Liopygia) ruficornis (Fabricius), and Sarcophaga (Boettcherisca)peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy) are the species of greatest forensic importance. The third instars of these species are similar in morphological appearance, making it difficult or impossible to differentiate between them based on external morphological characteristics. This study compares these important characteristics and reveals that the most distinctive is the posterior spiracle, followed by the number of papillae on the anterior spiracle. For confirmation of these species, the unique characteristics of adult males are also shown for accurate identification. Both the third instar and adult male characteristics are keys to identifying these species. In addition, the developmental rate of S. dux was examined in northern Thailand during 2002{\textendash}2003 under natural ambient temperature (\&$\#$8776;24{\textendash}28{\textdegree}C) and a natural light/dark photoperiod (\&$\#$8776;12:12 h), indicating relatively rapid larval development in summer (March{\textendash}June), pre-pupae (stop moving) initiated at 72 h. In the rainy season (July{\textendash}October), pre-pupae initiated at 72 or 96 h, whereas prepupae initiated at 96 h in winter
03-09-201006-02-2012normalE-prints_S_authors\Sukontason_etal_2010.pdf},
	pages = {1055 - 1064},
	author = {Sukontason, K. and Bunchu, N. and Chaiwong, T. and Moophayak, K. and Sukontason, K. L.}
}
