@article {1678,
	title = {Orientation of agents of wound myiasis to hosts and artificial stimuli in Hungary},
	volume = {9},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Wohlfahrtia03-11-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {77 - 84},
	author = {Hall, M. J. R. and Farkas, R. and Kelemen, F. and Hosier, M. J. and El-Khoga, J. M.}
}
@article {1518,
	title = {Wound myiasis of sheep in Hungary},
	volume = {69},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {In Hungary, 4388 sheep in six flocks were surveyed in June-August of 1992-1995 to gather basic data on wound myiasis, its incidence, the predominant fly species involved and the clinical manifestations of infestation.  Active wound myiasis was recorded in all flocks, in 17.6\% (774/4388) of the inspected sheep. Wohlfahrtia magnifica29-09-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {133 - 144},
	author = {Farkas, R. and Hall, M. J. R. and Kelemen, F.}
}
@article {1401,
	title = {Prevalence of traumatic myiasis in Hungary: a questionnaire survey of veterinarians},
	volume = {143},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {16-07-200706-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {440 - 443},
	author = {Farkas, R. and Hall, M. J. R.}
}
@inbook {1223,
	title = {Traumatic myiasis of humans and animals},
	booktitle = {Contributions to a manual of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 1, General and Applied Dipterology},
	volume = {1},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Total  number of pages: 1-97830-04-200406-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {751 - 768},
	publisher = {Science Herald},
	organization = {Science Herald},
	address = {Budapest},
	author = {Hall, M. J. R. and Farkas, R.},
	editor = {Papp, L. and Darvas, B.}
}
@article {298,
	title = {Morphological and mitochondrial DNA characters for identification and phylogenetic analysis of the myiasis-causing flesh fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica and its relatives, with a description of Wohlfahrtia monegrosensis sp. n. Wyatt \& Hall},
	volume = {23},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Wohlfahrt {\textquoteright} s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), is the most important cause of traumatic myiasis in the southern Palaearctic region. Larval stages are obligate parasites and the wounds caused by infestations are very similar to those caused by Old and New World screwworm flies. During the last decade, W. magnifica appears to have expanded its range to parts of northern and central Morocco, and to Crete, Greece. Specimens of W. magnifica were collected in Morocco and Crete either as larvae (preserved in 80\% ethanol) or as adults (dry-pinned). Comparison specimens were collected in Spain, Hungary and mainland Greece. A DNA fragment containing the 3 ? 715 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from each of 132 larvae or adults of W. magnifica and the amplicons were directly sequenced and analysed phylogeographically. Twelve cytochrome b haplotypes were detected. All haplotypes from Morocco belonged to a lineage that included specimens from the Iberian peninsula, and restricted mixing of central and northern populations in Morocco was demonstrated. Cytochrome b haplotyping combined with an analysis of larval size provided clear evidence of multiple infestations of hosts in all geographical areas, with one quarter of wounds containing larvae from two to at least four females. More than 80\% of specimens from Crete contained a haplotype predominating in mainland Greece and Hungary. Our survey indicated that wohlfahrtiosis was more widespread in northern and central Morocco than previously recorded by government veterinarians. However, the prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis was low (< 1\%). The high genetic diversity of Moroccan populations is consistent with longterm endemicity, rather than recent introduction. Crete showed a higher prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis ( ? 15\%) and less genetic diversity of W. magnifica , which is consistent with a recent introduction. The western and eastern Mediterranean lineages may have been isolated in different Pleistocene ice-age refugia, from which there has been limited post-glacial dispersal24-09-200906-02-2012Normalhttp://www.alinaavanesyan.com/Articles/16.pdf},
	pages = {59 - 71},
	author = {Hall, M. J. R. and Adams, Z. J. O. and Wyatt, N. P. and Testa, J. M. and Edge, W. and Nikolausz, M. and Farkas, R. and Ready, P. D.}
}
@article {254,
	title = {Traumatic myiasis in dogs caused by Wohlfahrtia magnifica and its importance in the epidemiology of wohlfahrtiosis of livestock},
	volume = {23},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {In the province of Al Hoceima, northern Morocco, and on two farms in Hungary, dogs were inspected for the presence of traumatic myiasis. Nine and four infested dogs were found in Morocco and Hungary, respectively. All the larvae and adults reared from them in the laboratory were identified as Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). To our knowledge, these are the first cases of wohlfahrtiosis in dogs to be reported in these countries. All infested animals lived close to livestock, where wohlfahrtiosis was endemic. Infested body sites included limbs (six cases), external genitalia (two), ears (three), nose (one) and neck (one). Developing larvae causedsevere welfare problems and tissue destruction in most cases. Although the number of cases reported here is small, wohlfahrtiosis in dogs may be very important from an epidemiological perspective because farm and stray dogs can act as both reservoirs and carriers of this parasitic fly species. Therefore, education of dog owners concerning the
risk factors in endemic regions is recommended in order to reduce the prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis in dogs and thereby in livestock. Both owners and veterinarians should pay regular attention to any wounds and to the natural orifices of dogs, especially during the fly seasons
18-04-201006-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {80 - 85},
	author = {Farkas, R. and Hall, M. J. R. and Bouzagou, A. K. and Lhor, Y. and Khallaayoune, K.}
}
@article {256,
	title = {Molecular genetic analysis of populations of Wohlfahrt {\textquoteright} s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica, in outbreak populations from Greece and Morocco},
	volume = {23},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Wohlfahrt{\textquoteright}s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), is the most important cause of traumatic myiasis in the southern Palaearctic region. Larval stages are obligate parasites and the wounds caused by infestations are very similar to those caused by Old and New World screwworm flies. During the last decade, W. magnifica appears to have expanded its range to parts of northern and central Morocco, and to Crete, Greece. Specimens of W. magnifica were collected in Morocco and Crete either as larvae (preserved in 80\% ethanol) or as adults (dry-pinned). Comparison specimens were collected in Spain, Hungary and mainland Greece. A DNA fragment containing the 3{\textquoteright}  715 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from each of 132 larvae or adults of W. magnifica and the amplicons were directly sequenced and analysed phylogeographically. Twelve cytochrome b haplotypes were detected. All haplotypes from Morocco belonged to a lineage that included specimens from the Iberian peninsula, and restricted mixing of central and northern populations in Morocco was demonstrated. Cytochrome b haplotyping combined with an analysis of larval size provided clear evidence of multiple infestations of hosts in all geographical areas, with one quarter of wounds containing larvae from two to at least four females. More than 80\% of specimens from Crete contained a haplotype predominating in mainland Greece and Hungary. Our survey indicated that wohlfahrtiosis was more widespread in northern and central Morocco than previously recorded by government veterinarians. However, the prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis was low (< 1\%). The high genetic diversity of Moroccan populations is consistent with longterm endemicity, rather than recent introduction. Crete showed a higher prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis (<=15\%) and less genetic diversity of W. magnifica , which is consistent with a recent introduction. The western and eastern Mediterranean lineages may have been isolated in different Pleistocene ice-age refugia, from which there has been limited post-glacial dispersal25-03-201006-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {72 - 79},
	author = {Hall, M. J. R. and Testa, J. M. and Smith, L. and Adams, Z. J. O. and Khallaayou, K. and Sotiraki, S. and Stefanakis, A. and Farkas, R. and Ready, P. D.}
}
@article {207,
	title = {Molecular genetic analysis of populations of Wohlfahrt{\textquoteright}s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica, in outbreak populations from Greece and Morocco},
	volume = {{23},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {{Meeting on Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, AUSTRIA,2009}
ISI:00026824240000929-12-201106-02-2012},
	pages = {{72 - 79}},
	publisher = {{Food Agricult Org, Unit Nat (FAO); Int Atom Energy Agency (IAEA)}},
	abstract = {{Wohlfahrt{\textquoteright}s wound myiasis fly, Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae), is the most important cause of traumatic myiasis in the southern Palaearctic region. Larval stages are obligate parasites and the wounds caused by infestations are very similar to those caused by Old and New World screwworm flies. During the last decade, W. magnifica appears to have expanded its range to parts of northern and central Morocco, and to Crete, Greece. Specimens of W magnifica were collected in Morocco and Crete either as larvae (preserved in 80\% ethanol) or as adults (dry-pinned). Comparison specimens were collected in Spain, Hungary and mainland Greece. A DNA fragment containing the 3{\textquoteright}715 base pairs of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction from each of 132 larvae or adults of W magnifica and the amplicons were directly sequenced and analysed phylogeographically. Twelve cytochrome b haplotypes were detected. All haplotypes from Morocco belonged to a lineage that included specimens from the Iberian peninsula, and restricted mixing of central and northern populations in Morocco was demonstrated. Cytochrome b haplotyping combined with an analysis of larval size provided clear evidence of multiple infestations of hosts in all geographical areas, with one quarter of wounds containing larvae from two to at least four females. More than 80\% of specimens from Crete contained a haplotype predominating in mainland Greece and Hungary. Our survey indicated that wohlfahrtiosis was more widespread in northern and central Morocco than previously recorded by government veterinarians. However, the prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis was low (<1 \%). The high genetic diversity of Moroccan populations is consistent with longterm endemicity, rather than recent introduction. Crete showed a higher prevalence of wohlfahrtiosis (<= 15\%) and less genetic diversity of W. magnifica, which is consistent with a recent introduction. The western and eastern Mediterranean lineages may have been isolated in different Pleistocene ice-age refugia, from which there has been limited post-glacial dispersal.}},
	isbn = {{0269-283X}},
	author = {Hall, M. J. R. and Testa, J. M. and Smith, L. and Adams, Z. J. O. and Khallaayoune, K. and Sotiraki, S. and Stefanakis, A. and Farkas, R. and Ready, P. D.}
}
@article {208,
	title = {Morphological and mitochondrial DNA characters for identification and phylogenetic analysis of the myiasis-causing flesh fly Wohlfahrtia magnifica and its relatives, with a description of Wohlfahrtia monegrosensis sp n. Wyatt \& Hall},
	volume = {{23},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {{Meeting on Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, Vienna, AUSTRIA,2009}
ISI:00026824240000829-12-201106-02-2012},
	pages = {{59 - 71}},
	publisher = {{Food Agricult Org, Unit Nat (FAO); Int Atom Energy Agency (IAEA)}},
	abstract = {{Wohlfahrtia magnifica (Schiner) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) is a major cause of traumatic myiasis in livestock in Central and Eastern Europe and in countries bordering the Mediterranean. The present Study explored the utility of external body characters, genitalia characters and mitochondrial DNA characters for identification of this and related species in the subfamily Paramacronychiinae. Sequence analyses of the 3{\textquoteright} terminal 273 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene revealed two lineages of W. magnifica, one from Spain and France and the other from the rest of Eurasia, differing by only two base pairs. Phylogenetic analysis of c cytochrome b showed that W. magnifica and Wohlfahrtia vigil Walker were sister species; this conclusion was not contradicted by a phylogenetic analysis of the morphological characters. Based on cytochrome b, the genetic distance between specimens of W. vigil from Europe and North America was sufficiently large to justify the recognition of more than one species. A new species, Wohlfahrtia monegrosensis, from northern Spain, was described, based on morphology and cytochrome b. A unique combination of external body characters of males or females were diagnostic for W. magnifica, the W. vigil group and Wohlfahrtia bella., but only the genitalia characters were diagnostic for all nine species Studied.}},
	isbn = {{0269-283X}},
	author = {Hall, M. J. R. and Adams, Z. J. O. and Wyatt, N. P. and Testa, J. M. and Edge, W. and Nikolausz, M. and Farkas, R. and Ready, P. D.}
}
