@inbook {1542,
	title = {Pupariation acceleration in fleshfly (Sarcophaga bullata) larvae by the pyrokinin/PBAN neuropeptide family: structure activity relationships},
	booktitle = {Neuropeptides in development and aging},
	series = {Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 814},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {22-06-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {73 - 79},
	author = {Nachman, R. J. and Zd{\'a}rek, J. and Hayes, T. K. and Holman, G. M.},
	editor = {Strand, F., Beckwith, W. and Sandman, C.}
}
@article {1539,
	title = {Insect neuropeptides of the pyrokinin/PBAN family accelerate pupariation in the fleshfly (Sarcophaga bullata) larvae},
	volume = {814},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {22-06-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {67 - 72},
	abstract = {Strand, F., Beckwith, W.; Sandman, C. (eds): Neuropeptides in development and aging},
	author = {Zd{\'a}rek, J. and Nachman, R. J. and Hayes, T. K.}
}
@article {1433,
	title = {Structure-activity relationships of insect neuropeptides of the pyrokinin/PBAN family and their selective action on pupariation in fleshfly (Neobelleria bullata) larvae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)},
	volume = {95},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Screening for puparium formation accelerating activity of neuropeptides and/or analogues belonging to 14 different peptide families revealed the strong activity of members and analogues of the pyrokinin/PBAN (pheromone biosynthesis activating neurohormone) family that all share the common C-terminal sequence, FXPRLamide (X = V, T, S, or G)29-09-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {9 - 16},
	author = {Zd{\'a}rek, J. and Nachman, R. J. and Hayes, T. K.}
}
@article {1045,
	title = {Occurrence of insect kinins in the flesh fly, stable fly and horn fly - mass spectrometric identification from single nerves and diuretic activity},
	volume = {23},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Sarcophaga bullata03-11-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {1885 - 1894},
	author = {Nachman, R. J. and Coast, G. M. and Tichy, S. E. and Russell, D. H. and Miller, J. A. and Predel, R.}
}
@article {1046,
	title = {Identification in Drosophila melanogaster of the invertebrate G protein-coupled FMRFamide receptor},
	volume = {99},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Sarcophaga bullata03-11-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {15363 - 15368},
	author = {Meeusen, T. and Mertens, I. and Clynen, E. and Baggerman, G. and Nichols, R. and Nachman, R. J. and Huybrechts, R. and De Loof, A. and Schoofs, L.}
}
@article {1061,
	title = {Mode of action of an insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin (LPK) on pupariation in fleshfly (Sarcophaga bullata) larvae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)},
	volume = {48},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {Neuropeptide leucopyrokinin (LPK) accelerates pupariation in wandering larvae of Sarcophaga bullata08-09-200306-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {951 - 959},
	author = {Zd{\'a}rek, J. and Myska, P. and Zemek, R. and Nachman, R. J.}
}
@article {988,
	title = {Mode of action of an insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin (LPK) on pupariation in fleshfly (Sarcophaga bullata) larvae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)},
	volume = {48},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {08-10-200906-02-2012NormalInstitute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 6, Prague, Czech RepublicENGhttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve\&db=pubmed\&dopt=Abstract\&list_uids=12770042},
	pages = {951 - 959},
	abstract = {An insect neuropeptide leucopyrokinin (LPK) (pQTSFTPRLamide) accelerates pupariation in wandering larvae of the fleshfly Sarcophaga bullata. The period of sensitivity to the action of LPK begins approximately 4 h before pupariation. Within this period the degree of acceleration of contraction into the shape of a puparium is practically independent of the age at which the larvae are injected, while acceleration of tanning is distinctly more age dependent. From ligation experiments we conclude that intact central innervation is essential for the action of LPK on puparial contraction, whereas central neurones take no part in mediation of LPK action on tanning of the cuticle. An analysis of tensiometric recordings of muscular activity revealed that the actual time of LPK accelerated puparial contraction coincides with the beginning of the immobilisation/retraction phase. LPK accelerates the switch from wandering behaviour to immobilisation/retraction behaviour but has no effect on the onset and duration of motor patterns that normally underlie puparial contraction in controls. The morphology of an accelerated puparium is normal but its formation is temporally dissociated from normal {\textquoteright}contraction patterns{\textquoteright} that are performed a long time after the puparium has contracted. It means that neuromuscular activity of larvae accelerated by LPK does not cease upon formation of the white puparium, but continues until the whole motor programme of pupariation behaviour is completed. Apparently the peptide acts on the integument by stimulating it to contract and shrink, and no specific patterns of muscular contractions are needed to properly shape the puparium. This finding sheds a new light on our understanding of the mechanism of puparium formation.},
	author = {Zd{\textquoteright}arek, J. and Myska, P. and Zemek, R. and Nachman, R. J.}
}
@article {788,
	title = {Comparison of the effects of pyrokinins and related peptides identified from arthropods on pupariation behaviour in flesh fly (Sarcophaga bullata) larvae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)},
	volume = {50},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {16-07-200706-02-2012Normal},
	pages = {233 - 239},
	author = {Zd{\'a}rek, J. and Verleyen, P. and Mares, M. and Doleckova, L. and Nachman, R. J.}
}
@article {765,
	title = {Comparison of the effects of pyrokinins and related peptides identified from arthropods on pupariation behaviour in flesh fly (Sarcophaga bullata) larvae (Diptera: Sarcophagidae)},
	volume = {50},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {08-10-200906-02-2012NormalInstitute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic. zdarek@uochb.cas.czenghttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve\&db=pubmed\&dopt=Abstract\&list_uids=15019526},
	pages = {233 - 239},
	abstract = {Peptides from the pyrokinin/PBAN family and some structurally related compounds identified in various arthropods were tested for acceleration of puparial contraction in flesh fly larvae. Modifications of behavioural patterns of pupariation were further studied for the active compounds using a behavioural analysis based on the recording of changes in tension of the cuticle. Nine peptides belonging to the pyrokinin/PBAN family (Lem-PK, Pea-PK-5, Lom-PK II, Hez-PBAN, Bom-DH-I), identified in five different insect species, two pyrokinin peptides derived from the genome of Drosophila melanogaster (capa-3, and hugin), and two pyrokinins identified from the white shrimp Penaeus vannamei were very active in the pupariation assay, with threshold doses within the range of 0.1-5.0 pmol larva(-1). High activity was also detected for a related peptide ETH1 from Drosophila. All of these peptides share a C-terminal PRLamide, which is essential and sufficient for the activity. Interestingly, two other structurally related peptides from Drosophila--ETH2 and capa-1--which feature conservative changes (Ile and Val, respectively) at the C-terminal Leu position, were inactive within a physiological range of concentrations. It is clear that the receptor mediating the acceleration of puparial contraction behaviour is sensitive to the introduction of greater steric bulk at the C-terminal Leu position. The peptides that accelerated pupariation showed very similar patterns of muscular and cuticular activity.},
	keywords = {Animals, Arthropods/chemistry, Biological Factors/analysis/physiology, development, Diptera/drug effects/*growth \&amp, Insect Hormones/*physiology, Insect Proteins/analysis/*physiology, Metamorphosis, Biological/drug effects/*physiology, Neuropeptides/classification/*physiology, Pupa/drug effects/growth \&amp},
	author = {Zd{\textquoteright}arek, J. and Verleyen, P. and Mares, M. and Doleckova, L. and Nachman, R. J.}
}
@article {363,
	title = {Diapause hormone in the corn earworm, Helicoverpa zea: optimum temperature for activity, structure-activity relationships, and efficacy in accelerating flesh fly pupariation},
	volume = {29},
	year = {Submitted},
	note = {08-10-200906-02-2012NormalDepartment of Entomology, Ohio State University, 318 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.enghttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve\&db=pubmed\&dopt=Abstract\&list_uids=18206265},
	pages = {196 - 205},
	abstract = {Diapause hormone (DH) effectively terminated pupal diapause in Helicoverpa zea. This effect was temperature-dependent, with an optimum of 21 degrees C. The dose-response curve indicated an ED50 of DH for diapause termination of approximately 100 pmol. The core sequence and essential amino acids were determined by bioassays using modified and truncated DH analogs. A C-terminal hepta-peptide, LWFGPRLa, was the core sequence required for diapause termination. Activity was lost when Alanine was substituted for any of the amino acids in the hepta-peptide, with the exception of Glycine. A fragment series of analogs suggested that the amide and Arginine were the most important components needed for terminating diapause. Leucine, Tryptophan, and Phenylalanine at the N-terminus of the hepta-peptide were also critical for activity. The C-terminal Leucine was less important: deletion resulted in decreased activity, although it could not be substituted by Alanine. The fact that a portion of the DH sequence is similar to the pyrokinin that accelerates fly pupariation prompted us to also evaluate the capability of DH to accelerate development in the flesh fly, Sarcophaga bullata. The threshold dose of DH essential to accelerate fly pupariation was 5 pmol for immobilization/retraction and longitudinal contraction and 10 pmol for tanning, approximately one or two orders of magnitude lower than the effective dose required for diapause termination in H. zea. Tensiometric measurements revealed that DH affected neuromuscular patterns of pupariation behavior and associated cuticular changes in a manner similar to that of the fly pyrokinins and their analogs.},
	keywords = {*Temperature, Amino Acid Substitution, Animals, development, Diptera/*growth \&amp, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Larva/drug effects/growth \&amp, Lepidoptera/*growth \&amp, Muscle Contraction/drug effects, Neuropeptides/chemistry/*pharmacology, Peptide Fragments/pharmacology, Pupa/drug effects/growth \&amp, Structure-Activity Relationship},
	author = {Zhang, Q. and Zd{\textquoteright}arek, J. and Nachman, R. J. and Denlinger, D. L.}
}
